“Face identification is a critical activity of daily living that may be impaired by blur or distortions caused by vision loss or prosopometamorphopsia. In this study, we examine the face inversion effect as a benchmark for understanding how distortions impact the identification of upright and inverted faces. Bandpass-filtered noise (Fpeak@1–32 cycles/face) was used to generate pixel shifts to distort calm and neutral faces from a standardized face database. … These results suggest that upright face recognition is most impacted by distortions at mid frequencies, whereas inverted face recognition declines more linearly as spatial frequency increases.”

Find the paper and full list of authors in PLOS One.